{"id":467,"date":"2014-10-05T19:32:51","date_gmt":"2014-10-05T19:32:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?p=467"},"modified":"2014-10-05T19:32:51","modified_gmt":"2014-10-05T19:32:51","slug":"vrstni-red-besed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?p=467","title":{"rendered":"Vrstni red besed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pri nalogah <a href=\"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?cat=9\">prevajalskega tipa<\/a>, kjer imamo podane besedne zveze ali stavke, je pomembno, da vedno ugotovimo vrstni red besed v tistem jeziku. V stavkih je mo\u017enih 6 razli\u010dnih vrstnih redov:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">osebek &#8211; povedek &#8211; predmet: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nina ima torbo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>osebek &#8211; predmet &#8211; povedek: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nina torbo ima.<\/li>\n<li>povedek &#8211; osebek &#8211; predmet: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ima Nina torbo.<\/li>\n<li>povedek &#8211; predmet &#8211; osebek: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ima torbo Nina.<\/li>\n<li>predmet &#8211; osebek &#8211; povedek: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Torbo Nina ima.<\/li>\n<li>predmet &#8211; povedek &#8211; osebek: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Torbo ima Nina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>V sloven\u0161\u010dini imajo vsi zgornji stavki enak pomen, ker pomen dolo\u010damo s skloni. Temu re\u010demo\u00a0prosti vrstni red, vendar pa je obi\u010dajno en red osnoven oziroma nevtralen, ostali pa so stilsko zaznamovani.<\/p>\n<p>V jezikih, ki pa sklonov nimajo, iz vrstnega reda vemo, katera beseda je osebek in katera predmet:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nina has bag. (Nina ima torbo.)<\/li>\n<li>Bag has Nina. (Torba ima Nino.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vrstni redi niso enako pogosti v jezikih. Pribli\u017eno 90% vseh jezikov ima 1. ali 2. vrstni red, okoli 10% jezikov ima 3. ali 4. vrstni red, zadnja dva pa le nekaj jezikov.<\/p>\n<p>Stav\u010dni vrstni red je zunanji vrstni red, potem imamo pa \u0161e notranji vrstni red, to je med samostalnikom in pridevnikom ali drugimi besedami, ki podrobneje opisujejo samostalnik. Tu imamo le dve mo\u017enosti in obe sta pogosti:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>pridevnik &#8211; samostalnik: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rde\u010da torba<\/li>\n<li>samostalnik &#8211; pridevnik: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0torba rde\u010da<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Pogost tip lingvisti\u010dnih nalog so naloge s svojino, tudi tam je pomemben vrstni red, mo\u017enosti sta zopet dve:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>lastnik &#8211; lastnina: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Janezova torba<\/li>\n<li>lastnina &#8211; lastnik: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0torba od Janeza<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Poskusite dolo\u010diti vrstni red besed v objavljenih prevajalskih nalogah, recimo v <a title=\"Dyirbal 2\" href=\"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?page_id=313\">Dyirbal 2<\/a>\u00a0ali pa v\u00a0<a title=\"Stara gr\u0161\u010dina\" href=\"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?page_id=219\">Stara gr\u0161\u010dina<\/a>. Kak\u0161ni bi bili pri teh dveh nalogah slovenski prevodi, \u010de bi jih zapisali v vrstnem redu tujega jezika?<\/p>\n<p>Gabrijela<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pri nalogah prevajalskega tipa, kjer imamo podane besedne zveze ali stavke, je pomembno, da vedno ugotovimo vrstni red besed v tistem jeziku. V stavkih je mo\u017enih 6 razli\u010dnih vrstnih redov: osebek &#8211; povedek &#8211; predmet: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nina ima torbo. osebek &#8211; predmet &#8211; povedek: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nina torbo ima. povedek &#8211; osebek &#8211; predmet: &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/?p=467\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Vrstni red besed<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novice","category-oresevanju"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=467"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":468,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/467\/revisions\/468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingvistika.si\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}